济南卷帘门要达到防火要求，需从材料、结构、配件到工艺进行设计，形成完整的防火体系，才能在火灾发生时有效阻隔火势蔓延，为人员疏散和灭火救援争取时间。

　　Jinan rolling shutter doors need to meet fire prevention requirements through comprehensive design from materials, structures, accessories to processes, forming a complete fire prevention system, in order to effectively block the spread of fire in the event of a fire, and buy time for personnel evacuation and firefighting rescue.

　　防火材料的选择是基础保障。帘面需采用耐高温的复合板材，常见的有钢质防火卷帘（帘面厚度不小于 0.8 毫米），内部填充防火隔热材料（如硅酸铝纤维毯，耐火极限需达 3 小时以上），这种材料在高温下不熔融、不释放有毒气体，能承受 800℃以上的火焰直接灼烧。帘面表层需经特殊处理，添加防火涂料（如膨胀型防火涂料，涂层厚度不小于 1.5 毫米），遇火时涂料膨胀形成蜂窝状隔热层，进一步延缓热量传递。与普通卷帘门的塑料或普通钢材相比，防火卷帘门的材料成本虽增加 50% 以上，但能在关键时候阻止火势穿透。

　　The selection of fire-resistant materials is a fundamental guarantee. The curtain surface should be made of high-temperature resistant composite panels, commonly including steel fireproof rolling shutters (curtain thickness not less than 0.8 millimeters), filled with fireproof insulation materials (such as aluminum silicate fiber blankets, with a fire resistance limit of more than 3 hours). This material does not melt or release toxic gases at high temperatures and can withstand direct burning from flames above 800 ℃. The surface layer of the curtain needs to be specially treated by adding fireproof coating (such as expansion fireproof coating, with a coating thickness of not less than 1.5 millimeters). When exposed to fire, the coating expands to form a honeycomb insulation layer, further delaying heat transfer. Compared with ordinary plastic or steel rolling shutter doors, the material cost of fireproof rolling shutter doors increases by more than 50%, but it can prevent fire from penetrating in critical situations.

　　结构设计需满足密封与抗变形要求。帘面之间的拼接处需采用防火密封条（多为石墨膨胀条），当温度达到 200℃时自动膨胀，填充缝隙，阻止烟气渗透。导轨与墙体连接部位需用防火水泥砂浆封堵，避免火焰从缝隙窜出，缝隙宽度需控制在 3 毫米以内，且每米长度的锚固点不少于 3 个，确保高温下不会松动脱落。帘面的卷轴和导轨需选用加厚钢材（厚度不小于 3 毫米），经高温时效处理内应力，防止火灾中因受热不均产生变形，保证卷帘门能正常启闭。对于高度超过 6 米的大型防火卷帘门，需在中间增设水平防火封堵条，将整体分割为多个区域，降低单块帘面的受热变形风险。

　　The structural design must meet the requirements of sealing and deformation resistance. Fireproof sealing strips (mostly graphite expansion strips) should be used at the joints between the curtain surfaces. When the temperature reaches 200 ℃, they will automatically expand, fill the gaps, and prevent smoke from penetrating. The connection between the guide rail and the wall should be sealed with fireproof cement mortar to prevent flames from escaping through the gap. The gap width should be controlled within 3 millimeters, and there should be no less than 3 anchoring points per meter length to ensure that it will not loosen or fall off under high temperature. The roller and guide rail of the curtain surface need to be made of thickened steel (with a thickness of not less than 3 millimeters), which has undergone high-temperature aging treatment to eliminate internal stress, prevent deformation due to uneven heating in a fire, and ensure the normal opening and closing of the rolling shutter door. For large fireproof rolling shutter doors with a height exceeding 6 meters, a horizontal fireproof sealing strip should be added in the middle to divide the whole into multiple areas and reduce the risk of thermal deformation of a single curtain surface.

　　防火配件是功能实现的关键。驱动系统需配备防火电机，采用耐高温绕组线圈，能在 300℃环境下正常工作 30 分钟以上，且具备断电自动下降功能（通过备用电源或重力平衡装置），确保火灾时即使断电，卷帘门也能自动关闭。控制箱需安装温度感应装置（如易熔合金探测器，熔断温度设定为 70℃），当探测到环境温度超标时，自动触发卷帘门下降，响应时间不超过 10 秒。此外，需设置手动应急操作装置，在电机失效时，通过链条或手摇柄手动关闭卷帘门，操作力不超过 150N，确保紧急情况下任何人都能快速操作。

　　Fireproof accessories are the key to achieving functionality. The drive system needs to be equipped with a fire-resistant motor, using high-temperature resistant winding coils, capable of working normally for more than 30 minutes in an environment of 300 ℃, and equipped with automatic descent function (through backup power supply or gravity balance device) to ensure that the rolling shutter door can automatically close even if the power is cut off in case of a fire. The control box needs to be equipped with a temperature sensing device (such as a fusible alloy detector with a melting temperature set at 70 ℃). When the ambient temperature exceeds the standard, it will automatically trigger the rolling shutter door to descend, with a response time of no more than 10 seconds. In addition, a manual emergency operation device should be installed to manually close the rolling shutter door through a chain or hand crank in case of motor failure, with an operating force not exceeding 150N, ensuring that anyone can operate quickly in emergency situations.

　　防火性能需通过严格测试验证。济南的防火卷帘门需符合相关防火标准，经耐火试验检测 —— 在模拟火灾环境中（温度按标准曲线升高，1 小时达到 925℃），卷帘门需保持 30 分钟以上的完整性（无火焰穿透）和隔热性（背火面平均温度不超过 140℃，温度不超过 180℃）。测试中还需验证卷帘门的启闭功能，在经历高温灼烧后，仍能正常开启和关闭少 3 次，避免因变形卡滞导致无法疏散。通过测试的产品需具备相应的防火认证标识，才能在、厂房等人员密集场所使用。

　　The fire resistance performance needs to be verified through rigorous testing. The fire-resistant rolling shutter doors in Jinan must comply with relevant fire safety standards and undergo fire resistance testing. In a simulated fire environment (where the temperature rises according to the standard curve and reaches 925 ℃ in 1 hour), the rolling shutter doors must maintain integrity (no flame penetration) and thermal insulation for more than 30 minutes (the average temperature of the back fire surface should not exceed 140 ℃, and the maximum temperature should not exceed 180 ℃). In the test, it is necessary to verify the opening and closing function of the rolling shutter door. After experiencing high temperature burning, it can still be opened and closed normally at least 3 times to avoid being unable to evacuate due to deformation and jamming. Products that have passed the test must have corresponding fire certification marks before they can be used in crowded places such as shopping malls and factories.

　　安装与维护保障长期防火效果。安装时需保证卷帘门与建筑结构的固定牢固，门框与墙体之间的缝隙用防火密封胶填充，固化后形成连续密封层。每年需进行少 1 次维护保养，包括清理导轨内的杂物、检查密封条的完整性、测试电机和温控装置的灵敏度，确保各部件处于正常状态。对于使用超过 5 年的防火卷帘门，需抽样进行耐火性能复测，更换老化的密封条和电机部件，避免因材料老化导致防火性能下降。

　　Installation and maintenance ensure long-term fire prevention effectiveness. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the rolling shutter door is firmly fixed to the building structure. The gap between the door frame and the wall should be filled with fireproof sealant, and a continuous sealing layer should be formed after curing. At least one maintenance should be carried out annually, including cleaning debris inside the guide rail, checking the integrity of the sealing strip, testing the sensitivity of the motor and temperature control device to ensure that all components are in normal condition. For fire-resistant rolling shutter doors that have been in use for more than 5 years, it is necessary to sample and retest their fire resistance performance, replace aging sealing strips and motor components, and avoid a decrease in fire resistance performance due to material aging.

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